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King Philip IV of France ruled during the 13th and 14th centuries. He felt he had the right to tax the clergy (church officials) in France. When Pope Boniface refused, King Philip sent troops to capture the Pope who later died of natural causes.
Built in Granada around 1238, the Alhambra was home and fortress to the Moorish kings of the 12th and 13th centuries.
in the 13th centry
It was a red cross on a flag given to England by the Pope in the 13th century, just basically symbolizing their freedom and independence. Its basically the flag of England, it could be religious too. English-Catholic I'm guessing.
Some facts about England in 1564 are: Queen Elizabeth was the reigning monarch. Famous playwright William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe, the poet and dramatist were also born in this year. At the time, the population of England was about four million people. Besides, England and France signed a peace of Troyes Treaty the same year.
a gold coin of France of the 13th-16th centuries, bearing the figure of a lamb.
Castles were built in England during the Middle Ages and the first ones were built in the 11th century. Most of the Castles remaining in England are dated between the 13th and 15th centuries.
Evidence suggests it was played in England in the 12th and 13th centuries and it was popular there by the end of the 17th century.
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Marcel Aubert has written: 'Suger' 'Stained glass of the XIIth and XIIIth centuries from French cathedrals' 'Stained glass of the 12th and 13th centuries from French cathedrals' 'L' art monumental roman en France'
The early Ottomans in the 13th and 16th centuries were the the people from Asia who were speaking Turkish.